UPSCPORTAL : "(Online Course) GS Concepts : Mordern Indian History - The Partition politics" plus 8 more

(Online Course) GS Concepts : Mordern Indian History - The Partition politics
(Notification) UPSC: Central Armed Police Forces (Assistant Commandants) Examination, 2012
(Answer Key) BPSC : Assistant Prosecution Officer (Preliminary) Competitive Examination - Law
(Answer Key) BPSC : Assistant Prosecution Officer (Preliminary) Competitive Examination - General Studies
(Online Course) Pub Ad for IAS Mains: Chapter: 3 Administrative Behavior - Decision Making (Paper -1)
(Online Course) Essay Writing Skills Improvement Programme: Relevance of BRICS
(Online Course) GS Concepts : Mordern Indian History - The Left Movement
(Current Affairs) Awards and Prizes | August: 2012
(Current Affairs) Science & Technology, Defence, Environment | August : 2012

(Online Course) GS Concepts : Mordern Indian History - The Partition politics

Posted: 30 Jul 2012 11:02 PM PDT

Subject : Modern Indian History
Chapter : THE NATIONAL MOVEMENTS IN 1940s

Topic: The Partition politics

Question : Give an account of india's Partition politics?

The 'Quit India' Movement temporality removed the Congress from the field of constitutional politics. The leaders, kept in confinement, lost touch with the workers who were demoralised. This was an important factor in strengthening the Muslim League in Bengal, Sind and Assam. In Bengal and Sind, Muslim League Ministries were formed. In Assam a pro-Muslim League Ministry came into office. In the provinces under Governor's rule, the administration was anti- Congress and pro-Muslim League.

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(Notification) UPSC: Central Armed Police Forces (Assistant Commandants) Examination, 2012

Posted: 30 Jul 2012 05:15 AM PDT

Central Armed Police Forces (Assistant Commandants) Examination, 2012

EXAMINATION NOTICE NO.11/2012-CPF

No.11/3/2011-E1(B) : The Union Public Service Commission will hold a Written Examination on 11th November, 2012 for recruitment of Assistant Commandants (Group A) in the Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) viz. Border Security Force (BSF), Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF), Central Industrial Security Force (CISF), Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) and Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB). The Examination will be held in accordance with the Rules for the Examination published by Ministry of Home Affairs in the Gazette of India dated 28th July, 2012. The date of holding the examination as mentioned above is liable to be changed at the discretion of the Commission. The tentative number of vacancies to be filled on the results of the examination is as follows :

BSF - 94
CRPF - 223
CISF - 44
ITBP - 26
SSB - 14
Total -401

The number of vacancies mentioned above is liable to alteration. Reservation will be given effect to as per policy of the Govt.

CENTRES OF EXAMINATION :

The Examination will be held at the following Centres :

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AGARTALA

GANGTOK

PANAJI (GOA)

AHMEDABAD

HYDERABAD

PATNA

AIZAWL

IMPHAL

(Answer Key) BPSC : Assistant Prosecution Officer (Preliminary) Competitive Examination - Law

Posted: 30 Jul 2012 04:27 AM PDT

Bihar Public Service Commission

Assistant Prosecution Officer (Preliminary) Competitive Examination,

(Advt. No. 39/2009)

KEY ANSWER OF: LAW

SERIES: A

1	B	26	D	51	B	76	A	101	D	126	D
2	D	27	B	52	C	77	B	102	C	127	C
3	B	28	C	53	C	78	D	103	D	128	A
4	A	29	B	54	C	79	D	104	B	129	C
5	C	30	D	55	B	80	B	105	A	130	C
6	B	31	B	56	D	81	D	106	B	131	B
7	A	32	C	57	C	82	A	107	D	132	C
8	A	33	A	58	D	83	C	108	B	133	D
9	A	34	C	59	A	84	D	109	D	134	C
10	C	35	B	60	C	85	D	110	A	135	A
11	D	36	A	61	A	86	A	111	C	136	A
12	C	37	D	62	B	87	D	112	D	137	D
13	C	38	B	63	C	88	D	113	C	138	B
14	C	39	C	64	C	89	B	114	D	139	B
15	A	40	D	65	B	90	B	115	A	140	D
16	B	41	B	66	C	91	D	116	A	141	D
17	C	42	D	67	B	92	C	117	B	142	D
18	A	43	C	68	C	93	C	118	C	143	A
19	B	44	B	69	A	94	A	119	C	144	A
20	A	45	D	70	B	95	C	120	A	145	C
21	C	46	A	71	D	96	B	121	B	146	C
22	B	47	D	72	C	97	B	122	A	147	B
23	A	48	A	73	B	98	C	123	C	148	D
24	A	49	C	74	A	99	D	124	C	149	D
25	B	50	D	75	D	100	C	125	B	150	C

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(Answer Key) BPSC : Assistant Prosecution Officer (Preliminary) Competitive Examination - General Studies

Posted: 30 Jul 2012 04:16 AM PDT

Bihar Public Service Commission

Assistant Prosecution Officer (Preliminary) Competitive Examination,

(Advt. No. 39/2009)

KEY ANSWER OF: GENERAL STUDIES

SERIES: A

1	B	26	B	51	B	76	B
2	D	27	C	52	A	77	A
3	D	28	D	53	D	78	B
4	D	29	C	54	B	79	D
5	B	30	C	55	A	80	D
6	C	31	D	56	B	81	C
7	B	32	C	57	B	82	A
8	B	33	C	58	B	83	B
9	B	34	D	59	D	84	A
10	B	35	D	60	D	85	A
11	C	36	D	61	C	86	D
12	D	37	D	62	C	87	A
13	A	38	C	63	A	88	C
14	A	39	C	64	A	89	B
15	B	40	B	65	C	90	A
16	A	41	D	66	B	91	D
17	A	42	C	67	A	92	C
18	D	43	B	68	C	93	A
19	B	44	A	69	A	94	A
20	C	45	A	70	C	95	C
21	B	46	D	71	C	96	A
22	C	47	D	72	C	97	D
23	C	48	B	73	A	98	A
24	B	49	A	74	C	99	B
25	C	50	A	75	C	100	A

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(Online Course) Pub Ad for IAS Mains: Chapter: 3 Administrative Behavior - Decision Making (Paper -1)

Posted: 30 Jul 2012 01:31 AM PDT

Paper - 1
Chapter: 3 (Administrative Behavior)

Decision Making

Of all the problems in management, the problem of-'decision making' is the most difficult one. Even in ordinary life, 'to do or not to do' is one of the most important riddles that an individual faces before leaping to action just like Shakespearean hero Macbeth. Macbeth runs about for advice and guidance, for consultations and suggestions and ultimately when he comes to take a decision, he gets too late and changes his mind.

But can an organisation take decision the way we the people take? Can they keep pending for long period? In business, decisions have to be taken very quickly, in Public Administration, however, decision-making is not as easy as in business and we can't keep things pending indefinitely. In Public Administration what we need is right decision.

Decision making in Public Administration is not free from outside influences. All types of pressures, direct and indirect, exert themselves and a decision may have to be taken much to the displeasure and disapproval of the decision maker. On the other hand, business administration is much more free from outside pressures.

Effective management, of private or public organizations, believes in making right and responsible decisions. A good leader is the one who can decide, who can solve the problem 'to do or not to do', and who can willingly undertake the responsibility for making decisions. Responsibility is a burden which most of us do not carry well, which most of us are not willing to accept. But effective leadership means that decisions must be made and responsibility accepted.

No human being is perfect. Not all his decisions can please every one how much it is near to perfection may be. Simon views all the problems of organization in its total social and psychological context and believes that decision-making is not necessarily-rational. He says, "Thus the members of an organization are not to be viewed as mere mechanical instrumentalists. They must be regarded as individuals who have wants, motives and desires, and are limited in their knowledge and in their capacities to learn and to solve problems". Besides that there are other problems, how much time and how much energy should be devoted to making each decision. In fact, there is too little time for too many problems.

Meaning

Decision-making is defined "as selection of a course of action from among alternatives, and it covers matters relating to planning, organizing, directing, staffing and controlling". A decision is an act of choice wherein an executive forms a conclusion about what must be done in a given situation. Terry defines, "A decision is usually made within the guides established by policy. A policy is relatively extensive, affects many problems and is used again and again. In contrast a decision applies to a particular problem and has a non-continuous type of usage." He says that policy itself is the product of a decision. Decision is a means: it is not an end in itself. Decisions have to be made and remade in the light of the ends to be achieved. Decisions are not permanent in so far as they have to take cognizance of the changed circumstances. Decisions have to be responsive to varying situations.

A decision represents a course of behaviour chosen from a number of possible alternatives. Following aspects of human behaviour are involved in decision-making:

Cognition, those activities of the mind associated with knowledge,
Contain, the action of the mind implied by such word as 'willing', 'desire', and 'aversion'; and
affection, the aspects of the mind identified with emotion, feeling, mood and temperaments.

Based on these facts, decision making has been defined as "a conscious and human process, involving both individual and social phenomena, based upon factual and value premises, which concludes with a choice of one behavioral activity from among one or more alternatives with the intention of moving toward some state of affairs."

Decision making has following characteristics: decision -making is a process of selection and the aim is to select the best alternative, decision is aimed at achieving the objectives of the organization if it is made in organizational context, it also involves evaluation of available alternatives because only through this evaluation one can know the best alternative, decision making is a mental process because the final decision is made after thoughtful consideration, decision involves rationality because through decision, one tries to better one's happiness, and decision making involves a certain commitment. This commitment may be for short run or long run depending upon the type of decision.

Types of Decisions:

1. Organisational and Personal Decisions: In an organization, when an individual takes decisions as an executive for the organization, these are known as organizational decisions. Taking such decisions can be delegated from a superior to a subordinate. Such decisions affect organizational functioning directly.
An executive can take decisions about himself, which are personal decisions. These decisions normally affect personal life of the decision maker, though at many times they may affect organisation also. Decision making power can't be delegated to anyone else in the case of personal decisions.

2. Routine and Strategic Decisions: Routine decisions are taken in the context of day-to-day operation of the organisation. Mostly they are of repetitive nature and related with the general functioning. Authority for taking these decisions is generally delegated to lower levels in the organisation.
Strategic decisions are those, which are taken during the current time period, but those primary effects are felt during some future period. It affects organizational structures, objectives, facilities and finances. These decisions are taken comparatively at higher level of management.

3. Policy and Operative Decisions: Policy decisions are taken by top management in the organization, which determines the basic policies. The policy decisions, are very important and have longterm impact. Operative decisions are related with the day-to-day operation of the business.

4. Programmed and Non-programmed Decisions: A programmed decision is applied to structured or routine problems. It is normally of repetitive nature and is taken within the broad policy structure. These generally have short-term impact and are taken by lower level managers.
Non-programmed decisions are used for unstructured, novel and ill-defined situations of a non-recurring nature. The necessity of such decisions arises because of some specific circumstances.

5. Individual and Groups Decisions: Individual decisions are taken by a single individual. These are taken in the context of routine or programmed decisions where the analysis of various variables is simple or for which broad policies are already provided.
Group decisions are taken by a group constituted for this specific purpose or by a standing committee. Group decisions have a certain positivevalues such as greater participation of individuals and quality in decisions, and certain negative values such as delay in decision making process and difficulty in fixing the responsibility of decisions

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(Online Course) Essay Writing Skills Improvement Programme: Relevance of BRICS

Posted: 30 Jul 2012 12:09 AM PDT

Part B - Essays on National & International issues

Relevance of BRICS

The BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India and China) idea was first conceived in 2001 by Goldman Sachs as part of an economic modeling exercise to forecast global economic trends over the next half century; the acronym BRIC was first used in 2001 by Goldman Sachs in their Global Economics Paper No. 66, "The World Needs Better Economic BRICs". BRIC Foreign Ministers at their meeting in New York on 21st September 2010 agreed that South Africa may be invited to join BRIC. Accordingly, China, as the host of 3rd BRICS Summit, invited South African President to attend the Summit in Sanya on 14 April 2011 with the concurrence of other BRIC Leaders. The BRICS countries - originally Brazil, Russia, India, and China, and now South Africa - have turned out to be a source of global economic development and essential to future generations. The center of global economic activity is shifting from industrialized nations in the west to emerging economies in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. South Africa joined BRIC at the end of 2010. And Indonesia should be included in BRICS to represent the large developing countries that are increasingly central to global production and consumption.

BRICS is used in economics to refer to the combination of Brazil, Russia, India, and China & South Africa which make up over 48% of the world's population. These nations are going to play a major role in the future of global economy. In 2000, the four countries in BRIC (along with Indonesia), contributed just 18 percent of global GDP, while industrialized nations contributed about 65 percent. By 2010, BRIC countries provided more than a quarter of the world's GDP, at 27 percent. The rich countries' share had shrunk to 56 percent. Between 2000 and 2010, BRIC's GDP grew by an incredible 92.7 percent, compared to a global GDP growth of just 32 percent, with industrialized economies having a very modest 15.5 percent. The rising importance of BRICS economies can be seen in the growth of imports. Their import and service demands, at over $2 trillion, accounts for 13.5 percent of global imports, up from just 6 percent 10 years ago. This represents a 277 percent growth in imports. Global growth of imports during the same period was just 92 percent, while imports in industrialized economies grew only 72.3 percent.

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(Online Course) GS Concepts : Mordern Indian History - The Left Movement

Posted: 29 Jul 2012 11:31 PM PDT

Subject : Modern Indian History
Chapter : The Beginning of The Gandhian Era

Topic: The Left Movement

Question : Give a brief description of the Left Movement in India?

Answer :

The emergence and growth of the leftist movement was the result of a combination of factors development of Indian industries the economic crunch caused by the two World Wars and the success of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia. The emergence of Indian Communism out of the shortcoming of the mainstream national movement is quite undeniable. It was borne Out of mostly of peasant and labour activists, Non-Cooperators, Khilafatists and revolutionaries whose aspirations and participation in the national movement remained either unfulfilled or insufficient. They sought alternate roads for their demands and some joined the Left Movement.

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