Friday, 6 July 2012

UPSCPORTAL : "(Online Course) GS Concepts : Mordern Indian History - Reasons for the decline of the Mughal Empire" plus 8 more

UPSCPORTAL : "(Online Course) GS Concepts : Mordern Indian History - Reasons for the decline of the Mughal Empire" plus 8 more

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(Online Course) GS Concepts : Mordern Indian History - Reasons for the decline of the Mughal Empire

Posted: 06 Jul 2012 04:33 AM PDT


Subject : Modern Indian History
Chapter : India in The Eighteenth Century

Topic: Reasons for the decline of the Mughal Empire

Question : Critically explain the reasons for the decline of the Mughal Empire?

Answer: The traditional historiography held the weak successors and incompetent commanders as being responsible for the decline of the Mughal Empire.

Sir J. N. Sarkar understood the revolts by the Marathas, Jats and Sikhs against the background of the religious bigotry of Aurangzeb. However, the reasons are not as simple as the one stated above. While some problems were created under Aurangzeb's rule, some were inbuilt in the Mughal system of administration and only heightened under Aurangzeb who had to face more than enough share of problems.


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(Online Course) GS Concepts : Mordern Indian History - Battle of Buxar (1764) and its Impact

Posted: 06 Jul 2012 04:23 AM PDT


Subject : Modern Indian History
Chapter : Rise of The Regional Powers

Topic: Battle of Buxar (1764) and its Impact

In 1763 Mir Kasim fled from Bengal and formed an alliance with the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II and Shuja-ud-daula of Awadh. However, in Battle of Buxar in 1764, the combined forces were defeated and Treaty of Allahabad was 'signed in 1765 In accordance with the treaty Shah Alam II granted the diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa to the Company. This grant meant that the Company could collect the revenues from the province.

Importance of this battle- Before the grant of diwani, the English used to bring bullion to trade with India The balance of trade was in the favour of India But after gaining the diwani rights, the English bought Indian goods from the revenues collected from the province of Bengal and then exported them Due to this the balance of trade no longer favoured India but led to greater exploitation of the country by the English. The Battle of Buxar had  important political consequences for India.


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(Download) SSC : Combined Graduate Level Tier - 1 Exam Paper : Held On 01.07.2012

Posted: 05 Jul 2012 11:52 PM PDT


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SSC Combined Graduate Level Exam: 2012

SSC CGL Tier - 1 Examination Held On 1 July 2012


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(Online Course) Contemporary Issues for IAS Mains 2012: International Issues - Pakistan Army

Posted: 05 Jul 2012 11:10 PM PDT


International Issue

Pakistan Army:

Question : What are the issues regarding the attack on Pak army by NATO?

Answer:

  • Claims the life of 24 soldiers.
  • A breach of sovereignty.

Question : What are the aims of US in central Asia?


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(Online Course) Contemporary Issues for IAS Mains 2012: International Issues - Pakistan-Peace

Posted: 05 Jul 2012 11:08 PM PDT


International Issue

Pakistan-Peace:

Question. What are the initiatives taken by Pakistan to curb terrorism?

Answer:

  • Closing terrorist camps in the federally administered tribal areas.
  • Dismantling terrorist bases of operations in other parts of the country.
  • Taking action when provided with intelligence about high-level terrorist targets.

Question : What is the present status of USA in Afghan?


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(Online Course) Contemporary Issues for IAS Mains 2012: India and The World - India-UNSC Permanent seat?

Posted: 05 Jul 2012 10:57 PM PDT


India & The World

India-UNSC Permanent seat?:

Question : Why there is stumbling block is on reform?

Answer:

  • Will undermine the efficiency, integrity and credibility
  • Coffee club and uniting for consensus opposed any expansion
  • Non co-operation among the second tier nations.
  • US sees it a dilution to its decision making.
Question.   Why there is a need for change/reform?

Ques. Why there is a need for change/reform?

Answer:

(Online Course) Contemporary Issues for IAS Mains 2012: India and The World - India-US-China

Posted: 05 Jul 2012 10:50 PM PDT


India & The World

India-US-China:

Question : What needs to be done to strengthen the relations?

Answer:

(Online Course) Essay Writing Skills Improvement Programme : Judicial Activism and Indian Democracy (2004)

Posted: 05 Jul 2012 05:03 AM PDT


Judicial Activism and Indian Democracy (2004)

Introduction

Democracy is a form of government where people surrender some of their rights to a small elite body who are elected by people to rule over themselves. This elite body or the public representatives make law for the betterment of people. Once elected the public representatives remain all powerful till the end of the term by constitutional provision or otherwise because the constitution does not provide "call back" power to the people. The assumed principle is that these public representatives should make laws for the benefit of the people. The loophole in our administration is that it is not very transparent and popular participation is bare minimum. The prescribed methods of control on government have been largely unsuccessful. So in such a situation a vacuum is created in governance i.e. who shall see the validity of a law.
The judiciary as such and by principle cannot act unless an aggrieved party does not knock its door. Hence this vacuum is substantial. As per the theory of "Power vacuum filling" some organ has to extend its influence and it is only natural for judiciary to extend its influence in the sphere. Many argue that it is against the principle of democracy. May be it is true. But there is a widening gap between the principle of democracy and the essence of democracy. Sometimes the hegemonic growth of the form and procedure of democracy become so vast that they make the spirit of democracy in danger. Now it is important to decide what is more important the procedure and principles of democracy like the legislative supremacy or the spirit of democracy i.e. welfare of people. The principle and procedure may be a means to an end but the end is always the spirit of democracy. So if means are abridged to attain the ends then democracy will be more successful than anything else. Judiciary under the veil of activism serves as a watch dog for preserving this basic spirit of democracy.

Meaning

Judicial activism, like many catchwords, has acquired so many different meanings as to obscure more than it reveals. But at the same time it cannot be discarded as an intellectual void for the vagueness of the definition of the word for at the heart it speaks about the survival of law. Abandonment of this word not being a viable option, clarification needed as to what judicial activism is. Judicial activism is different from the judicial review or other process of jurisdiction in the sense that under the gamut of judicial review the judiciary can extend its influence to the spheres of executive and the legislative. Judicial activism simply means a pro-active judiciary which does no limit itself to the interpretation of law only but also sees if the law affects people adversely. The great contribution of judicial activism in India has been to provide a safety valve and a hope that justice is not beyond reach.


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(Magazine) Yojana Magazine: Issue July 2012

Posted: 05 Jul 2012 03:11 AM PDT


Yojana Magazine: Issue July 2012

Monsoons are that time of the year that is eagerly awaited by all. Bringing respite from the scorching heat, the monsoon rains usher in welcome relief. Every summer, southern Asia, especially India is drenched by rain that comes from moist air masses that move in from the Indian Ocean. These rains, and the air masses that bring them are known as monsoons. The monsoon or rainy season lasting from June to September is dominated by the humid South West Monsoon that sweeps across the country in early June, first hitting the State of Kerala. The South West Monsoon is generally expected to begin in early June and end by September. Around September the northern land mass of the Indian sub-continent begins to cool off rapidly. Cold wind sweeps down from the Himalayas and the India-Gangetic Plain towards the vast spans of the Indian Ocean, South of the Deccan peninsula, because of the heat that prevails over the Indian Ocean and its surrounding atmosphere. This is known as the North East Monsoon or Retreating Monsoon.


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