Combined Defence Services
CDS General English Solved Paper (II) : 2006
(COMPREHENSION)
Directions (For the 22 items which follow): In this section you have six short passages. After each passage, you will find several questions based on the passage. First, read a passage, and then answer the questions based on it. You are required to select your answers based on the contents of the passage and opinion of the author only.Example 'I' and J' are solved for you.
Passage
In our approach to life, be it pragmatic or otherwise, a basic fact that confronts us squarely and unmistakably is the desire for peace, securityand happiness. Different forms of life at different levels of existence make up the teeming denizens of this earth of ours. And, no matter whether they belong to the higher groups such as human beings or to the lower groups such as animals, all beings primarily seekpeace, comfort and security. Life is as dear to a mute creature as it isto a man. Even the lowliest insect strives for protection against dangers that threaten its life. Just as each one of us wants to live and not to die, so do all others creatures.
I. The author 's main point is that
(a) different forms of life are found on earth
(b) different levels of existence are possible in nature
(c) peace and security are the chief goals of all living beings
(d) even the weakest creature struggles to presserve its life
Which one of the following assumptions or steps is essential in developing the author 's position?
(a) All forms of life have a single overriding goal
(b) The wil l to survive of a creature is identified with a desire for peace
(c) All beings are divided into higher and lower groups
(d) A parallel is drawn between happiness and life and pain and death Explanation
I. The idea which represents the author 's main point is "peace and security are the chief goals of all living beings", which is response
(c). So (c)is the correct answer.
The best assumpt ion under l ying the passage is "The will to survive of a creature is identified with a desire for peace", which is response (b). So (b) is the correct answer.
Passage – I
- Like human beings, elephant s are sometimes the victims of acute stress, and in bothspecies, stress produces diseases of the heart and arteries. Thousands of elephants living in parts of East Africa are crowded together on dry, dusty, treeless plains, confined by the terrain and the size of their herds. All day the animals huddle together, munching and waving their large, fanlike ears. Exposed to strong sunlight, restricted in their diet and frustrated in their migration, the elephants appear bored and restless and are also afflicted with vascular diseases.
- Recent studies show that the elephants, whose life span is similar to man's are suffering from habitat stress. They are also suffering from two ailments common to man - medial sclerosis and atherosclerosis - unknown among other jungle dwelling beasts.
- Both diseases affect the lining of the arteries, resulting it thickening, hardening and inelasticity of the vesselans. In medial sclerosis the accumulation of calcium salts makes the arteries in the neck and limbs into rigid, narrow pipes. In advanced cases the blood supply is severely reduced and there is a danger of heart failure. In such circumstances medial sclerosis produces stiff . and lame elephants.
- When excessive layers of fat, rather than alcium salts, are deposited in the artery lining, the elephants develop lipid plaques closely resembling atheroma in man. Such lipid accumulations in human beings are a major cause of heart disease and are attributed to high blood pressure, improper diet, smoking and stress.
1. Consider the following statements
1. Elephants are blissfully happy while moving in the jungles of East Africa.
2. Exposure to strong sunlight causes a number of eye diseases for elephants
Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
2. Consider the following statements :
1. Elephants develop lipid plaques when calcium salts get deposited in the vessel walls.
2. In medial sclerosis, calcium salsts end up in imparting rigidness to the arteries in the neck.
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2' only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither I nor 2
3.Which one of the following causes a diseases in elephants which is similar to atheroma in man?
(a) Excessive sunlight
(b) Consumption of sugar-cane
(c) Consumption of banana
(d) Deposit of fat
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